10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended August 31, 2025


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______ to _______

Commission File Number: 001-36865

Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)


Delaware	47-1535633
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
265 Turner Drive, Durango, CO 81303
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (970) 259-0554

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share	RMCF	Nasdaq Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

On October 10, 2025, the registrant had 7,800,508 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, outstanding.

Table of Contents


	part I. financial information	3
Item 1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity	6
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	25
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	33
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	33
	part II. other information	35
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	35
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	35
Item 2.	Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	36
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	36
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	36
Item 5.	Other Information	36
Item 6.	Exhibits	37
Signatures		38

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) contains statements of our expectations, intentions, plans and beliefs that constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and are intended to come within the safe harbor protection provided by those sections. These forward-looking statements involve various risks and uncertainties. These statements, other than statements of historical fact, included in this Quarterly Report are forward-looking statements. Many of the forward-looking statements contained in this document may be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as “will,” “intend,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “should,” “plan,” “estimate,” “potential,” “may,” “would,” “could,” “continue,” “likely,” “might,” “seek,” “outlook,” “explore,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. However, the absence of these words or similar expressions does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. All statements that address operating performance, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur in the future including statements regarding future financial and operating results, our business strategy and plan, our strategic priorities, our store pipeline and our transformation, are forward-looking statements. Management believes these forward-looking statements are reasonable as and when made. However, caution should be taken not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements because such statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law. In addition, forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from historical experience and our present expectations or projections. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: inflationary impacts, the outcome of legal proceedings, changes in the confectionery business environment, seasonality, consumer interest in our products, receptiveness of our products internationally, consumer and retail trends, costs and availability of raw materials, competition, the success of our co-branding strategy, the success of international expansion efforts, financial covenants in our credit agreements and the effect of government regulations. For a detailed discussion of the risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results to differ from the forward-looking statements contained herein, please see Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and the risks described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and the section entitled “Risk Factors” contained in Part I, Item 1A. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on June 20, 2025, as updated by this Quarterly Report.

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	August 31,						August 31,
	2025			2024			2025			2024
Revenues
Sales	$	5,183		$	4,918		$	9,900		$	10,197
Franchise and royalty fees		1,640			1,462			3,296			2,590
Total Revenue		6,823			6,380			13,196			12,787

Costs and Expenses
Cost of sales		5,216			4,350			9,608			9,936
Franchise costs		552			952			1,147			1,493
Sales and marketing		223			138			429			568
General and administrative		976			1,622			1,977			2,861
Retail operating		227			194			433			393
Depreciation and amortization, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense of $238, $190, $465 and $386, respectively, included in cost of sales		108			38			226			80
Total costs and expenses		7,302			7,294			13,820			15,331

Loss from Operations		(479	)		(914	)		(624	)		(2,544	)

Other Income (Expense)
Interest expense		(190	)		(63	)		(378	)		(98	)
Interest income		7			7			16			14
Gain on disposal of assets		-			248			-			248
Other (expense) income, net		(183	)		192			(362	)		164

Loss Before Income Taxes		(662	)		(722	)		(986	)		(2,380	)

Income Tax Provision (Benefit)		-		-				-		-

Net Loss	$	(662	)	$	(722	)	$	(986	)	$	(2,380	)

Basic Loss per Common Share	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.11	)	$	(0.13	)	$	(0.37	)

Diluted Loss per Common Share	$	(0.09	)	$	(0.11	)	$	(0.13	)	$	(0.37	)

Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Basic		7,786,384			6,686,537			7,764,351			6,507,323
Dilutive Effect of Employee Stock Awards		-		-				-			-
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Diluted		7,786,384			6,686,537			7,764,351			6,507,323

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	August 31, 2025 (unaudited)			February 28, 2025
Assets
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,017		$	720
Accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses of $157 and $307, respectively		3,194			3,405
Notes receivable, current portion, less current portion of the allowance for credit losses of $28		73			11
Refundable income taxes		64			64
Inventories		4,136			4,630
Other		699			393
Total current assets		10,183			9,223
Property and Equipment, Net		9,097			9,409
Other Assets
Notes receivable		69			69
Goodwill		576			576
Intangible assets, net		197			210
Lease right of use asset		1,659			1,241
Other		473			447
Total other assets		2,974			2,543
Total Assets	$	22,254		$	21,175
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable	$	4,744		$	4,816
Accrued salaries and wages		372			697
Gift card liabilities		651			649
Other accrued expenses		223			80
Contract liabilities		135			139
Lease liability		526			488
Total current liabilities		6,651			6,869
Notes payable		7,766			5,957
Lease Liability, Less Current Portion		1,151			770
Contract Liabilities, Less Current Portion		560			604
Total Liabilities		16,128			14,200
Commitments and Contingencies
Stockholders' Equity
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share; 250,000 authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding		-			-
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 46,000,000 shares authorized, 7,791,276 shares and 7,722,174 shares issued and outstanding, respectively		8			8
Additional paid-in capital		12,492			12,355
Accumulated deficit		(6,374	)		(5,388	)
Total stockholders' equity		6,126			6,975
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$	22,254		$	21,175

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2025			2024
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net Loss	$	(986	)	$	(2,380	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		691			467
Provision for obsolete inventory		-			9
Provision for loss on accounts and notes receivable		(145	)		-
Gain on disposal of assets		-			(248	)
Debt issuance costs		9			-
Equity compensation		137			81
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		244			(255	)
Refundable income taxes		-			(17	)
Inventories		541			(1,386	)
Other current assets		(306	)		(258	)
Accounts payable		(96	)		(1,075	)
Accrued liabilities		(179	)		(598	)
Contract liabilities		(48	)		(10	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(138	)		(5,670	)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Proceeds received on notes receivable		50			154
Proceeds from the sale of assets		-			1,607
Purchases of property and equipment		(224	)		(1,534	)
Acquisition		(165	)		-
Increase in other assets		(26	)		(54	)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities		(365	)		173

Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from line of credit		-			2,200
Proceeds from notes payable		1,800			-
Issuance of common stock through securities purchase agreement		-			2,188
Net cash provided by financing activities		1,800			4,388

Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents		1,297			(1,109	)

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period		720			2,082

Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period	$	2,017		$	973

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Six Months Ended August 31, 2025
	Convertible Preferred Stock				Common Stock				Additional Paid-In		Accumulated			Total Stockholders'
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital		Deficit			Equity
Balances as of February 28, 2025		-	$	-		7,722,174	$	8	$	12,355	$	(5,388	)	$	6,975
Equity compensation, restricted stock units, net of shares withheld		-		-		42,310		-		81		-			81
Net loss		-		-		-		-		-		(324	)		(324	)
Balances as of May 31, 2025		-	$	-		7,764,484	$	8	$	12,436	$	(5,712	)	$	6,732
Equity compensation, restricted stock units, net of shares withheld		-		-		26,792		-		56		-			56
Net loss		-		-		-		-		-		(662	)		(662	)
Balances as of August 31, 2025		-	$	-		7,791,276	$	8	$	12,492	$	(6,374	)	$	6,126

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Continued)

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Six Months Ended August 31, 2024
	Convertible Preferred Stock				Common Stock				Additional Paid-In		Retained Earnings /			Total Stockholders'
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital		(Accumulated Deficit)			Equity
Balances as of February 29, 2024		-	$	-		6,306,027	$	6	$	9,896	$	734		$	10,636
Equity compensation, restricted stock units, net of shares withheld		-		-		20,112		-		40		-			40
Net loss		-		-		-		-		-		(1,658	)		(1,658	)
Balances as of May 31, 2024		-	$	-		6,326,139	$	6	$	9,936	$	(924	)	$	9,018
Equity compensation, restricted stock units, net of shares withheld		-		-		12,448		-		41		-			41
Issuance of common stock through securities purchase agreement		-		-		1,250,000		2		2,186		-			2,188
Net loss		-		-		-		-		-		(722	)		(722	)
Balances as of August 31, 2024		-		-		7,588,587	$	8	$	12,163	$	(1,646	)	$	10,525

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 - NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc., a Delaware corporation, its wholly- owned subsidiaries, Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. (a Colorado corporation) and U-Swirl, Inc. (SWRL), (collectively, the “Company”, “we”, “RMCF”).

The Company is an international franchisor, confectionery producer and retail operator. Founded in 1981, the Company is headquartered in Durango, Colorado and produces an extensive line of premium chocolate candies and other confectionery products. The Company's revenues and profitability are derived principally from its franchised/licensed system of retail stores that feature chocolate and other confectionery products including gourmet caramel apples.

The Company’s revenues are currently derived from four principal sources: sales to franchisees and others of chocolates and other confectionery products manufactured by the Company; the collection of initial franchise fees and royalties from franchisees’ sales; sales at Company-owned stores of chocolates and other confectionery products including gourmet caramel apples; and marketing fees.

The Company does not have a material amount of financial assets or liabilities that are required under United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) to be measured on a recurring basis at fair value. The Company is not a party to any material derivative financial instruments. The Company does not have a material amount of non-financial assets or non-financial liabilities that are required under GAAP to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company has not elected to use the fair value measurement option, as permitted under GAAP, for any assets or liabilities for which fair value measurement is not presently required. The Company believes the fair values of cash equivalents, accounts and notes receivable and accounts payable approximate their carrying amounts due to their short duration. The note payable approximates fair value due to the interest rates being consistent with market rates.

The following table summarizes the number of stores operating under the Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory brand at August 31, 2025:


	Stores Open at February 28, 2025		Opened		Closed			Transferred			Stores Open at August 31, 2025
Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory
Company-owned stores		2		-		-			1			3
Franchise stores - Domestic stores and kiosks		138		2		(3	)		(1	)		136
International license stores		3		-		-			-			3
Cold Stone Creamery - co-branded		107		-		(3	)		-			104
U-Swirl - co-branded		10		-		-			-			10
Total		260										256

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Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Liquidity and Going Concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. In accordance with ASC 205-40, Going Concern, the Company’s management has evaluated whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the accompanying financial statements were issued. During the six months ended August 31, 2025, the Company incurred a net loss of $1.0 million and used cash in operating activities of $0.1 million. The Company was not in compliance with the liabilities to tangible net worth covenant of 2.0:1.0 as of August 31, 2025 for both of its debt agreements (see Note 8). The Company has received a waiver from its lenders as of the date of the quarterly report and is in compliance with all other aspects of its debt agreements. These factors raise substantial doubts about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that these consolidated financial statements are issued. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to continue to implement its business plan. The Company continues to explore supplemental liquidity resources. During the next twelve months, the Company intends to further reduce overhead costs, improve manufacturing efficiencies, and increase profits and gross margins by better aligning its costs with the delivery and sale to its franchise system and focus customers. In addition, the Company intends to benefit from its historically busy season of holiday product sales while also increasing sales through its e-commerce distribution channel on a year-round basis. There are no assurances that the Company will be successful in implementing its business plan.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, which include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, have been prepared by the Company, without audit, and reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial reporting and Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") regulations. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, the consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (of a normal and recurring nature) which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the six months ended August 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the entire fiscal year ending February 28, 2026. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025, filed with the SEC on June 20, 2025. The year-end balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP.

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Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the estimate of the reserve for uncollectible accounts, and reserve for inventory obsolescence. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and also on assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable. The Company assesses these estimates on a regular basis; however, actual results could materially differ from these estimates.

New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The updates in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted this pronouncement effective March 1, 2025 and the impact of the new standard did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Subsequent Events

Management evaluated all activity of the Company through the issue date of the financial statements and concluded that no subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition or disclosure in the financial statements.

NOTE 2 - SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION


($'s in thousands)	Six Months Ended August 31,
Cash paid (received) for:	2025		2024
Interest	$	378	$	98
Income taxes		-		17
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash operating activities:
Non-cash additions to operating lease ROU assets and liabilities	$	652	$	-
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing activities:
Accounts receivable exchanged for notes receivable	$	112	$	-
Inventory accrued but not yet paid	$	24	$	-

NOTE 3 – REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with its customers in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification® (“ASC”) 606, which provides that revenues are recognized when control of promised goods or services is transferred to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be received for those goods or services. The Company generally receives a fee associated with the franchise agreement or license agreement (collectively “Customer Contracts”) at the time that the Customer Contract is entered. These Customer Contracts have a term of up to 20 years, however the majority of Customer Contracts have a term of 10 years. During the term of the Customer Contract, the Company is obligated to many performance obligations that the Company has not determined are distinct. The resulting treatment of revenue from Customer Contracts is that the revenue is recognized proportionately over the life of the Customer Contract.

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Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Initial Franchise Fees, License Fees, Transfer Fees and Renewal Fees

The initial franchise services are not distinct from the continuing rights or services offered during the term of the franchise agreement and are treated as a single performance obligation. Initial franchise fees are being recognized as the Company satisfies the performance obligation over the term of the franchise agreement, which is generally 10 years.

The following table summarizes contract liabilities as of August 31, 2025 and August 31, 2024:


	Six Months Ended August 31,
($'s in thousands)	2025			2024
Contract liabilities at the beginning of the year:	$	743		$	828
Revenue recognized		(68	)		(108	)
Contract fees received		20			98
Contract liabilities at the end of the period:	$	695		$	818

At August 31, 2025, annual revenue expected to be recognized in the future, related to performance obligations that are not yet fully satisfied, are estimated to be the following (amounts in thousands):


FYE 2026	$	69
FYE 2027		128
FYE 2028		104
FYE 2029		84
FYE 2030		74
Thereafter		236
Total	$	695

Gift Cards

The Company’s franchisees sell gift cards, which do not have expiration dates or non-usage fees. The proceeds from the sale of gift cards by the franchisees are accumulated by the Company and paid out to the franchisees upon customer redemption. ASC 606 requires the use of the “proportionate” method for recognizing breakage. The Company recognizes breakage from gift cards when the gift card is redeemed by the customer or the Company determines the likelihood of the gift card being redeemed by the customer is remote (“gift card breakage”). The determination of the gift card breakage rate is based upon Company-specific historical redemption patterns. The Company did not recognize any gift card breakage during the six months ended August 31, 2025 or six months ended August 31, 2024.

Durango Product Sales of Confectionary Items, Retail Sales and Royalty and Marketing Fees

Durango Product Sales are those sold from the Company's factory in Durango, Colorado. Retail sales include products sold in the retail store locations. Confectionery items sold to the Company’s franchisees, others and its Company-owned stores’ sales are recognized at the time of the underlying sale, based on the terms of the sale and when ownership of the inventory is transferred, and are presented net of sales taxes and discounts. Royalties and marketing fees from franchised or licensed locations, which are based on a percent of sales are recognized at the time the sales occur.

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Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 4 – DISAGGREGATION OF REVENUE

The following table presents disaggregated revenue by the method of recognition and segment:

Three Months Ended August 31, 2025

Revenues recognized over time:


($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing		Retail		Total
Franchise fees	$	32	$	-	$	-	$	32

Revenues recognized at a point in time:


($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing		Retail		Total
Durango Product sales	$	-	$	4,750	$	-	$	4,750
Retail sales		-		-		433		433
Royalty and marketing fees		1,608		-		-		1,608
Total revenues recognized over time and point in time	$	1,640	$	4,750	$	433	$	6,823

Three Months Ended August 31, 2024

Revenues recognized over time:


($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing		Retail		Total
Franchise fees	$	38	$	-	$	-	$	38

Revenues recognized at a point in time:


($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing		Retail		Total
Durango Product sales	$	-	$	4,524	$	-	$	4,524
Retail sales		-		-		394		394
Royalty and marketing fees		1,424		-		-		1,424
Total revenues recognized over time and point in time	$	1,462	$	4,524	$	394	$	6,380

Six Months Ended August 31, 2025

Revenues recognized over time:


($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing		Retail		Total
Franchise fees	$	68	$	-	$	-	$	68

Revenues recognized at a point in time:


($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing		Retail		Total
Durango Product sales	$	-	$	9,148	$	-	$	9,148
Retail sales		-		-		752		752
Royalty and marketing fees		3,228		-		-		3,228
Total revenues recognized over time and point in time	$	3,296	$	9,148	$	752	$	13,196

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Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Six Months Ended August 31, 2024

Revenues recognized over time:


($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing		Retail		Total
Franchise fees	$	108	$	-	$	-	$	108

Revenues recognized at a point in time:


($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing		Retail		Total
Durango Product sales	$	-	$	9,481	$	-	$	9,481
Retail sales		-		-		716		716
Royalty and marketing fees		2,482		-		-		2,482
Total revenues recognized over time and point in time	$	2,590	$	9,481	$	716	$	12,787

NOTE 5 - INVENTORIES

Inventories at August 31, 2025 and February 28, 2025 consisted of the following:


($'s in thousands)	August 31, 2025			February 28, 2025
Ingredients and supplies	$	2,613		$	2,864
Finished candy		1,663			2,277
Reserve for slow moving inventory		(140	)		(511	)
Total inventories	$	4,136		$	4,630

NOTE 6 – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment at August 31, 2025 and February 28, 2025 consisted of the following:


($'s in thousands)	August 31, 2025			February 28, 2025
Land	$	124		$	124
Building		5,518			5,415
Machinery and equipment		15,025			14,904
Furniture and fixtures		660			519
Leasehold improvements		136			136
Transportation equipment		326			326
		21,789			21,424

Less accumulated depreciation		(12,692	)		(12,015	)
Property and equipment, net	$	9,097		$	9,409

Depreciation expense related to property and equipment totaled $0.3 million and $0.7 million during the three and six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to $0.2 million and $0.5 million during the three and six months ended August 31, 2024, respectively.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 7 – GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill and intangible assets at August 31, 2025 and February 28, 2025 consisted of the following:


					August 31, 2025					February 28, 2025
($'s in thousands)	Amortization Period (in Years)				Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization			Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization
Intangible assets subject to amortization
Store design			10		$	395	$	(303	)	$	395	$	(295	)
Trademark/Non-competition agreements		5	-	20		250		(145	)		259		(149	)
Total						645		(448	)		654		(444	)
Goodwill and intangible assets not subject to amortization
Goodwill
Retail					$	362				$	362
Franchising						97					97
Manufacturing						97					97
Trademark						20					20
Total						576					576

Total Goodwill and Intangible Assets					$	1,221	$	(448	)	$	1,230	$	(444	)

Amortization expense related to intangible assets totaled $7 thousand and $14 thousand during the three and six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to approximately $7 thousand and $14 thousand during the three and six months ended August 31, 2024, respectively.

At August 31, 2025, annual amortization of intangible assets, based upon the Company’s existing intangible assets and current useful lives, is estimated to be the following (amounts in thousands):


FYE 2026	$	14
FYE 2027		27
FYE 2028		27
FYE 2029		27
FYE 2030		27
Thereafter		75
Total	$	197

NOTE 8 – NOTES PAYABLE

Note Payable with RMC Credit Facility, LLC

On September 30, 2024, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement") with the lender, RMC Credit Facility, LLC ("RMC" or the "Lender"). RMC is a related party of the Company since one of the Company's board of directors is involved with RMC and an investor with the Credit Agreement. Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Company received an advance in the principal amount of $6.0 million, which advance is evidenced by a promissory note (the "Note"). The Note matures on September 30, 2027 (the "Maturity Date"), and interest accrues at a rate of

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12% per annum and is payable monthly in arrears. All outstanding principal and interest will be due on the Maturity Date. The Credit Agreement is collateralized by the Company's Durango real estate property and the related inventory and property, plant and equipment located on that property, as well as the Company's accounts receivable and cash accounts.

The Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including nonpayment of principal and interest when due, failure to comply with covenants, and a change of control of the Company, as well as customary affirmative and negative covenants, including, without limitation, certain reporting obligations and certain limitations on liens, encumbrances, and indebtedness. The Credit Agreement also limits capital expenditures to $3.5 million per year and contains two financial covenants measured quarterly: a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth and a minimum current ratio. The Company incurred $0.1 million of loan origination fees, included as a debt discount and reduction of the notes payable on the balance sheet.

On August 28, 2025, the Company entered into a first amendment to the Credit Agreement. RMC agreed to make an additional advance to the Company in the principal amount of $0.6 million. There was no change to other terms of the agreement. In connection with the amendment, the Company and RMC agreed to waive the financial covenant providing for a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth for each of the fiscal quarters ending August 31, 2025 and November 30, 2025. Loan origination fees incurred are immaterial.

As of August 31, 2025, the Company had $6.6 million outstanding on the Credit Agreement. Interest on the outstanding amount was paid through August 31, 2025. The Company was not in compliance with the maximum liabilities to tangible net worth covenant of 2.0:1.0 as of August 31, 2025. The Company has received a waiver from the Lender as of the date of this Quarterly Report and is in compliance with all other aspects of the Credit Agreement.

Credit Agreement with RMCF2 Credit, LLC

On August 28, 2025, the Company entered into a new credit agreement ("RMCF2 Credit Agreement") with RMCF2 Credit, LLC (“RMCF2”), a special purpose investment entity affiliated with Jeffrey R. Geygan, the Company's Interim Chief Executive Officer and one of the members of the Company's board of directors. Pursuant to the new credit agreement, the Company received an advance in the principal amount of $1.2 million, which advance is evidenced by a promissory note (the “RMCF2 Note”). The RMCF2 Note matures on September 30, 2027 and interest accrues at a rate of 12% per annum and is payable monthly in arrears. All outstanding principal and interest will be due on the maturity date. The RMCF2 Credit Agreement is collateralized by the Company's Durango real estate property and the related inventory and property, plant and equipment located on that property, as well as the Company's accounts receivable and cash accounts.

The RMCF2 Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including nonpayment of principal and interest when due, failure to comply with covenants, and a change of control of the Company, as well as customary affirmative and negative covenants, including, without limitation, certain reporting obligations and certain limitations on liens, encumbrances, and indebtedness. The RMCF2 Credit Agreement also limits capital expenditures to $3.5 million per year and contains two financial covenants measured quarterly: a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth and a minimum current ratio. Pursuant to the RMCF2 Credit Agreement, RMCF2 waived the financial covenant providing for a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth for each of the fiscal quarters ending August 31, 2025 and November 30, 2025. Loan origination fees incurred are immaterial.

On August 31, 2025, the Company had $1.2 million outstanding on the RMCF2 Credit Agreement. The Company was not in compliance with the maximum liabilities to tangible net worth covenant of 2.0:1.0 as of August 31, 2025. The Company has received a waiver from RMCF2 as of the date of this Quarterly Report and is in compliance with all other aspects of the Credit Agreement.

NOTE 9 – COMMON STOCK

Securities Purchase Agreement

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

On August 5, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors, including Steven L. Craig, an existing director of the Company (the “Investors”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Investors agreed to subscribe for and purchase, and the Company agreed to issue and sell to the Investors, an aggregate of 1,250,000 of shares of the Company’s common stock at a price per share equal to $1.75, for total proceeds of approximately $2.2 million. On September 5, 2024, the shares were subsequently registered for resale on a form S-1 that was declared effective by the SEC on October 9, 2024.

Stock Compensation Plans

Under the Company’s 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended and restated), the Company may authorize and grant stock awards to employees, non-employee directors and certain other eligible participants, including stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units. Effective June 2024, the Board authorized 600,000 new shares, along with 300,851 unused and available shares and 131,089 shares granted and outstanding from the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan, to form the 2024 Equity Incentive Plan with a total of 1,031,940 shares. As of August 31, 2025, the 2024 Equity Incentive Plan has 676,132 shares unused and available for issuance.

The Company recognized $56 thousand and $0.1 million of stock-based compensation expense during the three and six months ended August 31, 2025 compared with $41 thousand and $0.1 million during the three and six months ended August 31, 2024, respectively. Compensation costs related to stock-based compensation are generally amortized over the vesting period of the stock awards.

The following table summarizes non-vested restricted stock unit transactions for common stock during the six months ended August 31, 2025:


	Six Months Ended August 31,
	2025
Outstanding non-vested restricted stock units at beginning of year:		235,664
Granted		11,091
Vested		(69,102	)
Cancelled/forfeited		(30,758	)
Outstanding non-vested restricted stock units as of August 31:		146,895

Weighted average grant date fair value	$	1.96
Weighted average remaining vesting period (in years)		1.09

During the six months ended August 31, 2025, the Company granted 11,091 restricted stock units to a new member of the board of directors with a grant-date fair value of $17 thousand. During the six months ended August 31, 2024, the Company granted 215,182 restricted stock units to various executives and members of the board of directors with a grant-date fair value of $0.8 million.

NOTE 10 - EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur from common shares issuable through the settlement of restricted stock units. Restricted stock units become dilutive within the period granted and remain dilutive until the units vest and are issued as common stock.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The weighted-average number of shares outstanding used in the computation of diluted earnings per share does not include outstanding common shares issuable if their effect would be anti-dilutive. During the six months ended August 31, 2025, 146,895 shares of common stock that were issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. During the six months ended August 31, 2024, 960,677 shares of common stock reserved for issuance under warrants and 103,074 shares of common stock underlying unvested restricted stock units and stock options were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

NOTE 11 – LEASING ARRANGEMENTS

The Company conducts its retail operations in facilities leased under non-cancelable operating leases of up to ten years. Certain leases contain renewal options for between five and ten additional years at increased monthly rentals. Some of the leases provide for contingent rentals based on sales in excess of predetermined base levels.

The Company acts as primary lessee for two franchised store premises, which the Company then subleases to franchisees, but the majority of existing franchised locations are leased by the franchisee directly. For one of the two subleased locations, the Company had leased space for its Company-owned location. When the Company-owned location was sold or transferred, the store was subleased to the franchisee who is responsible for the monthly rent and other obligations under the lease.

The Company also leases trucking equipment and warehouse space in support of its production operations. Expense associated with trucking and warehouse leases is included in cost of sales on the consolidated statements of operations.

The Company entered into two new leases during the six months ended August 31, 2025 for its Camarillo location for 10 years and Miami location for 18 months with total future lease liability of $0.6 million. The Company did not enter into any new leases during the six months ended August 31, 2024.

The Company accounts for payments related to lease liabilities on a straight-line basis over the lease term. During the six months ended August 31, 2025 and 2024, lease expense recognized in the consolidated statements of operations was $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively.

The lease liability reflects the present value of the Company’s estimated future minimum lease payments over the life of its leases. This includes known escalations and renewal option periods reasonably assured of being exercised. Typically, renewal options are considered reasonably assured of being exercised if the sales performance of the location remains strong. Therefore, the right of use asset and lease liability include an assumption on renewal options that have not yet been exercised by the Company and are not currently a future obligation. The Company has separated non-lease components from lease components in the recognition of the Asset and Liability except in instances where such costs were not practical to separate. To the extent that occupancy costs, such as site maintenance, are included in the asset and liability, the impact is immaterial. For franchised locations, the related occupancy costs including property taxes, insurance and site maintenance are generally required to be paid by the franchisees as part of the franchise arrangement. In addition, the Company is the lessee under non-store related leases such as storage facilities and trucking equipment. For leases where the implicit rate is not readily determinable, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate to calculate the lease liability that represents an estimate of the interest rate the Company would incur to borrow on a collateralized basis over the term of a lease. The weighted average discount rate used for operating leases was 7.9% and 3.9% as of August 31, 2025 and February 28, 2025, respectively. The total estimated future minimum lease payments are $2.2 million as of August 31, 2025.

As of August 31, 2025, maturities of lease liabilities for the Company’s operating leases were as follows (amounts in thousands):

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)


FYE 26	$	301
FYE 27		412
FYE 28		266
FYE 29		238
FYE 30		146
Thereafter		857
Total	$	2,220

Less: Imputed interest		(543	)
Present value of lease liabilities:	$	1,677

Lease liability	$	526
Lease liability, less current portion	$	1,151

The weighted average lease term was 7.0 years and 5.8 years at August 31, 2025 and February 28, 2025, respectively.

The Company did not have any leases categorized as finance leases as of August 31, 2025 or February 28, 2025.

NOTE 12 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Purchase contracts

The Company frequently enters into purchase contracts of between six to twelve months for chocolate and certain nuts. These contracts permit the Company to purchase the specified commodity at a fixed price on an as-needed basis during the term of the contract. Because prices for these products may fluctuate, the Company may benefit if prices rise during the terms of these contracts, but it may be required to pay above market prices if prices fall and it is unable to renegotiate the terms of the contract. The Company has designated these contracts as normal under the normal purchase and sale exception under the accounting standards for derivatives. These contracts are not entered into for speculative purposes.

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of its operations. The Company records accruals for outstanding legal matters when it believes it is probable that a loss will be incurred, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. As of August 31, 2025, the Company is involved in the early stages of a legal dispute regarding fulfillment of the agreement to sell franchise rights and intangible assets in connection with the sale of U-Swirl, the Company’s former subsidiary that has since been dissolved. The Company does not expect this to have a material impact on the business or financial condition. The Company is not party to any other legal proceedings that are expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or operating results.

NOTE 13 - ACQUISITION

On August 15, 2025, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with Crakim, Inc., to purchase substantially all assets related to the operation of a Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory franchise located at Camarillo Premium Outlets, Camarillo, California. The assets acquired include inventory, equipment, trade fixtures, leasehold improvements, intellectual property, domain names, customer lists, and other tangible and intangible assets specified in the agreement. The Company did not assume any pre-existing liabilities of the seller. This is the Company's third

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

retail store as a result of the acquisition. The Company is finalizing its purchase accounting however the amounts acquired are immaterial to the financial statements as a whole.

The total purchase price was approximately $0.2 million, consisting of (i) forgiveness of $69 thousand in franchise revenue owed by the seller to the Company, (ii) direct payments to lenders for $86 thousand of outstanding seller debts, and (iii) a holdback amount of $10 thousand, subject to post-closing asset inspection, which was paid in September 2025.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 14 - OPERATING SEGMENTS

The Company classifies its business interests into three reportable segments: Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. Franchising, Manufacturing, Retail Stores and Unallocated, which is the basis upon which the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), the interim chief executive officer, evaluates the Company’s performance. The CODM uses the segment information in the annual planning process and considers actual versus plan variances in evaluating the performance of the segments. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in Note 1 to these consolidated financial statements. The Company evaluates performance and allocates resources based on the segment operating profit or loss, which excludes unallocated corporate general and administrative costs and income tax expense or benefit. The Company’s reportable segments are strategic businesses that utilize common information systems and corporate administration. All inter-segment sales prices are market based. Each segment is managed separately because of the differences in required infrastructure and the differences in products and services.


Three Months Ended August 31, 2025
($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing			Retail		Unallocated			Total
Total revenues	$	1,641	$	4,906		$	433	$	-		$	6,980
Intersegment revenues		-		(157	)		-		-			(157	)
Revenue from external customers		1,641		4,749			433		-			6,823

Costs and Expenses
Cost of Sales		-		5,106			110		-			5,216
Labor costs		521		-			100		402			1,023
Operating expenses		131		-			127		114			372
Professional fees		-		-			-		89			89
Other general & administrative expenses		123		-			-		371			494
		775		5,106			337		976			7,194
Depreciation and amortization, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense of $238 included in cost of sales (manufacturing segment)		4		-			4		100			108
Total costs and expenses		779		5,106			341		1,076			7,302

Segment profit (loss)		862		(357	)		92		(1,076	)		(479	)

Other income (expense)
Interest expense		-		-			-		(190	)		(190	)
Interest income		-		-			-		7			7
Other income (expense), net		-		-			-		(183	)		(183	)

Income (loss) before income taxes		862		(357	)		92		(1,259	)		(662	)

Income tax provision		-		-			-		-			-

Consolidated net income (loss)	$	862	$	(357	)	$	92	$	(1,259	)	$	(662	)

Other Segment Disclosures
Total assets		2,048		14,059			1,527		4,620			22,254
Capital expenditures		-		13			177		6			196

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)


Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing			Retail		Unallocated			Total
Total revenues	$	1,462	$	4,723		$	394	$	-		$	6,579
Intersegment revenues		-		(199	)		-		-			(199	)
Revenue from external customers		1,462		4,524			394		-			6,380

Costs and Expenses
Cost of Sales		-		4,242			108		-			4,350
Labor costs		557		-			107		743			1,407
Operating expenses		328		-			87		195			610
Professional fees		73		-			-		438			511
Other general & administrative expenses		132		-			-		246			378
		1,090		4,242			302		1,622			7,256
Depreciation and amortization, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense of $190 included in cost of sales (manufacturing segment)		9		-			3		26			38
Total costs and expenses		1,099		4,242			305		1,648			7,294

Segment profit (loss)		363		282			89		(1,648	)		(914	)

Other income (expense)
Interest expense		-		-			-		(63	)		(63	)
Interest income		-		-			-		7			7
Gain on sale of assets		-		-			-		248			248
Other income (expense), net		-		-			-		192			192

Income (loss) before income taxes		363		282			89		(1,456	)		(722	)

Income tax provision		-		-			-		-			-

Consolidated net income (loss)	$	363	$	282		$	89	$	(1,456	)	$	(722	)

Other Segment Disclosures
Total assets		1,250		14,711			533		4,636			21,130
Capital expenditures		-		965			-		151			1,116

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)


Six Months Ended August 31, 2025
($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing			Retail		Unallocated			Total
Total revenues	$	3,296	$	9,448		$	752	$	-		$	13,496
Intersegment revenues		-		(300	)		-		-			(300	)
Revenue from external customers		3,296		9,148			752		-			13,196

Costs and Expenses
Cost of Sales		-		9,413			195		-			9,608
Labor costs		1,017		-			184		848			2,049
Operating expenses		224		-			249		135			608
Professional fees		94		-			-		385			479
Other general & administrative expenses		241		-			-		609			850
		1,576		9,413			628		1,977			13,594
Depreciation and amortization, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense of $465 included in cost of sales (manufacturing segment)		19		-			7		200			226
Total costs and expenses		1,595		9,413			635		2,177			13,820

Segment profit (loss)		1,701		(265	)		117		(2,177	)		(624	)

Other income (expense)
Interest expense		-		-			-		(378	)		(378	)
Interest income		-		-			-		16			16
Other income (expense), net		-		-			-		(362	)		(362	)

Income (loss) before income taxes		1,701		(265	)		117		(2,539	)		(986	)
Income tax provision		-		-			-		-			-

Consolidated net income (loss)	$	1,701	$	(265	)	$	117	$	(2,539	)	$	(986	)

Other Segment Disclosures
Total assets		2,048		14,059			1,527		4,620			22,254
Capital expenditures		-		112			177		76			365

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)


Six Months Ended August 31, 2024
($'s in thousands)	Franchising		Manufacturing			Retail		Unallocated			Total
Total revenues	$	2,590	$	9,912		$	716	$	-		$	13,218
Intersegment revenues		-		(431	)		-		-			(431	)
Revenue from external customers		2,590		9,481			716		-			12,787

Costs and Expenses
Cost of Sales		-		9,707			229		-			9,936
Labor costs		1,115		-			221		1,200			2,536
Operating expenses		628		-			172		397			1,197
Professional fees		133		-			-		816			949
Other general & administrative expenses		185		-			-		448			633
		2,061		9,707			622		2,861			15,251
Depreciation and amortization, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense of $386 included in cost of sales (manufacturing segment)		22		-			6		52			80
Total costs and expenses		2,083		9,707			628		2,913			15,331

Segment profit (loss)		507		(226	)		88		(2,913	)		(2,544	)

Other income (expense)
Interest expense		-		-			-		(98	)		(98	)
Interest income		-		-			-		14			14
Other income, net		-		-			-		248			248
Other income (expense), net		-		-			-		164			164

Income (loss) before income taxes		507		(226	)		88		(2,749	)		(2,380	)

Income tax provision		-		-			-		-			-

Consolidated net income (loss)	$	507	$	(226	)	$	88	$	(2,749	)	$	(2,380	)

Other Segment Disclosures
Total assets		1,250		14,711			533		4,636			21,130
Capital expenditures		-		965			-		569			1,534

NOTE 15 - INCOME TAXES

The Company provides for income taxes pursuant to the liability method. The liability method requires recognition of deferred income taxes based on temporary differences between financial reporting and income tax basis of assets and liabilities, using current enacted income tax rates and regulations. These differences will result in taxable income or deductions in future years when the reported amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled, respectively. Considerable judgment is required in determining when these events may occur and whether recovery of an asset, including the utilization of a net operating loss or other carryforward prior to its expiration, is more likely than not.

Realization of the Company's deferred tax assets is dependent upon the Company generating sufficient taxable income, in the appropriate tax jurisdictions, in future years, to obtain benefit from the reversal of net deductible temporary differences. The amount of deferred tax assets considered realizable is subject to adjustment in future periods if estimates of future taxable income are changed. A valuation allowance to reduce the carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is established when it is more likely than not that we will not realize some portion or all of the tax benefit of our deferred income tax assets. The Company evaluates, on a quarterly basis, whether it is more likely than

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

not that its deferred income tax assets are realizable based upon recent past financial performance, tax reporting positions, and expectations of future taxable income. The determination of deferred tax assets is subject to estimates and assumptions. The Company periodically evaluates its deferred tax assets to determine if its assumptions and estimates should change.

The Company does not have any significant unrecognized tax benefits and does not anticipate a significant increase or decrease in unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months. Amounts are recognized for income tax related interest and penalties as a component of general and administrative expense in the statement of income.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is qualified by reference and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes, and Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, contained in our Annual Report on 10-K, filed with the SEC on June 20, 2025, for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains certain forward-looking information. See "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" in this Quarterly Report for certain information concerning forward-looking statements.

Overview

Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries (including its operating subsidiary with the same name, Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc., a Colorado corporation) (“RMCF”) (referred to as the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) is an international franchisor, confectionery producer and retail operator. Founded in 1981, we are headquartered in Durango, Colorado and produce an extensive line of premium chocolate products and other confectionery products. Our revenues and profitability are derived principally from our franchised/licensed system of retail stores that feature chocolate and other confectionery products including gourmet caramel apples. We also sell our confectionery products in select locations outside of our system of retail stores and license the use of our brand with certain consumer products. As of August 31, 2025, there was 3 Company-owned, 114 licensee-owned and 139 franchised Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory stores operating in 36 states and the Philippines.

In the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with RMC Credit Facility, LLC (“RMC”). Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Company received an advance in the principal amount of $6.0 million, which advance is evidenced by a promissory note (the “Note”). The Note will mature on September 30, 2027 (the “Maturity Date”), and interest accrues at a rate of 12% per annum and is payable monthly in arrears. All outstanding principal and interest will be due on the Maturity Date. RMC is a special purpose investment entity affiliated with Steven L. Craig, one of the members of the Company's board of directors.

On August 28, 2025, the Company entered into a first amendment to the Credit Agreement. RMC agreed to make an additional advance to the Company in the principal amount of $0.6 million, There was no change to other terms of the agreement. In connection with the amendment, the Company and RMC agreed to waive the financial covenant providing for a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth for each of the fiscal quarters ending August 31, 2025 and November 30, 2025. The Company was not in compliance with the covenant as of August 31, 2025. All other covenants were met.

Pursuant to the new credit agreement, RMCF2 agreed to make an advance to the Company in the principal amount of $1.2 million, which advance is evidenced by a promissory note (the “RMCF2 Note”). The RMCF2 Note matures on September 30, 2027 and interest accrues at a rate of 12% per annum and is payable monthly in arrears. All outstanding principal and interest will be due on the maturity date.

The RMCF2 Credit Agreement contains customary events of default as well as customary affirmative and negative covenants, including, without limitation, certain reporting obligations and certain limitations on liens, encumbrances, and indebtedness. The RMCF2 Credit Agreement also limits capital expenditures to $3.5 million per year and contains two financial covenants measured quarterly: a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth and a minimum current ratio. Pursuant to the RMCF2 Credit Agreement, RMCF2 agreed to waive the financial covenant providing for a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth for each of the fiscal quarters ending August 31, 2025 and

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November 30, 2025. At August 31, 2025, all covenants were met with the exception of the covenant for the maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth.

Business and Outlook

As a result of recent macroeconomic inflationary trends, we have experienced and expect to continue experiencing higher raw material, labor, and freight costs. We have experienced labor and logistics challenges, which have contributed to higher cost of goods sold. In addition, we could experience additional lost sale opportunities if our products are not available for purchase as a result of continued disruptions in our supply chain relating to an inability to obtain raw materials or packaging, or if we or our franchisees experience delays in stocking our products.

We are subject to seasonal fluctuations in sales because of key holidays and the location of our franchisees, which have traditionally been located in high traffic areas such as resorts or tourist locations, and the nature of the products we sell, which are seasonal. Historically, the strongest sales of our products have occurred during key holidays and summer vacation seasons. Additionally, quarterly results have been, and in the future are likely to be, affected by the timing of new store openings and the sales of new franchise locations. Because of the seasonality of our business and the impact of new store openings and sales of new franchises, results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results that may be achieved in other quarters or for a full fiscal year.

The most important factors in continued growth in our earnings are our ability to increase the sales of premium chocolate products produced in our Durango production facility, and the support of our franchisees in increasing the frequency of customer visits and the average value of each customer transaction, along with ongoing e-commerce revenue growth, and new franchise store growth.

Our ability to successfully achieve expansion of our franchise systems depends on many factors not within our control including the availability of suitable sites for new store locations and the availability of qualified franchisees to support our expansion plans.

Efforts to increase same store pounds purchased from our production facility by franchised stores and to increase total Durango production depend on many factors, including new store openings, effective e-commerce initiatives, industry competition, the receptivity of our franchise system to our product introductions and promotional programs.

Results of Continuing Operations

Three Months Ended August 31, 2025 Compared To the Three Months Ended August 31, 2024

Results Summary

Basic loss per share decreased from a loss of $(0.11) per share for the three months ended August 31, 2024 to a loss of $(0.09) per share for the three months ended August 31, 2025. Revenues increased by 6.9% from $6.4 million for the three months ended August 31, 2024 to $6.8 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025. Operating loss was $0.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2024 compared to an operating loss of $0.5 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025.

REVENUES


	Three Months Ended August 31,				$			%
($'s in thousands)	2025		2024		Change			Change
Durango product and retail sales	$	5,183	$	4,918		265			5.4	%
Franchise fees		32		38		(6	)		(15.8	)%
Royalty and marketing fees		1,608		1,424		184			12.9	%
Total	$	6,823	$	6,380	$	443			6.9	%

Durango Product and Retail Sales

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The increase in Durango product and retail sales of 5.4%, or $0.3 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2024 was primarily due to sales price increases.

Royalties, Marketing Fees and Franchise Fees

Royalty and marketing fees increased $0.2 million during the three months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2024, primarily due to the increase in store sales subject to royalty fees. The decrease in franchise fee revenue of $6 thousand during the three months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2024 was not material.

COSTS AND EXPENSES


	Three Months Ended August 31,				$			%
($'s in thousands)	2025		2024		Change			Change
Total cost of sales	$	5,216	$	4,350	$	866			19.9	%
Franchise costs		552		952		(400	)		(42.0	)%
Sales and marketing		223		138		85			61.6	%
General and administrative		976		1,622		(646	)		(39.8	)%
Retail operating		227		194		33			17.0	%
Depreciation and amortization, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense of $238 and $190, respectively, included in cost of sales		108		38		70			184.2	%
Total	$	7,302	$	7,294	$	8			0.1	%

Gross Margin


	Three Months Ended August 31,						$			%
($'s in thousands)	2025			2024			Change			Change
Total gross margin		(33	)		568		$	(601	)		(105.8	)%
Gross margin percentage		(0.6	)%		11.5	%		-12	%		(105.5	)%

Adjusted Gross Margin


(a non-GAAP measure)	Three Months Ended August 31,						$			%
($'s in thousands)	2025			2024			Change			Change
Total gross margin	$	(33	)	$	568		$	(601	)		(105.8	)%
Plus: depreciation and amortization		238			190			48			25.3	%
Total Adjusted Gross Margin (non-GAAP measure)	$	205		$	758		$	(553	)		(73.0	)%

Total Adjusted Gross Margin (non-GAAP measure)		4.0	%		15.4	%		(11	)%		(74.3	)%

Non-GAAP Measures

In addition to the results provided in accordance with GAAP, we provide certain non-GAAP measures, which present results on an adjusted basis. These are supplemental measures of performance that are not required by or presented in accordance with GAAP. Adjusted gross margin is a non-GAAP measure. Adjusted gross margin is equal to the sum of our total gross margin plus depreciation and amortization calculated in accordance with GAAP. We believe adjusted gross margin is helpful in understanding our past performance as a supplement to gross margin, and other performance measures calculated in conformity with GAAP. We believe that adjusted gross margin is useful to investors because they provide a measure of operating performance and our ability to generate cash that is unaffected by non-cash accounting measures. Additionally, we use adjusted gross margin rather than gross margin to make incremental pricing decisions. Adjusted gross margin has limitations as analytical tools because they exclude the impact of depreciation

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and amortization expense and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for any measure reported under GAAP. Our use of capital assets makes depreciation and amortization expense a necessary element of our costs and our ability to generate income. Due to these limitations, we use adjusted gross margin as measures of performance only in conjunction with GAAP measures of performance such as gross margin.

Cost of Sales and Gross Margin

Total gross margin percentage decreased to (0.6)% for the three months ended August 31, 2025 compared to a gross margin of 11.5% during the three months ended August 31, 2024, due primarily to an increase in the cost of raw materials, such as cocoa, and transportation.

Franchise Costs

The decrease in franchise costs for the three months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2024 was due to operational efficiencies and cost cutting measures and in part due to the timing of expenses. As a percentage of total royalty and marketing fees and franchise fee revenue, franchise costs decreased to 33.7% for the three months ended August 31, 2025 from 65.1% for the three months ended August 31, 2024.

Sales and Marketing

The increase in sales and marketing costs during the three months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2024 was due to an increase in activity related to new packaging designs and branding activities and in part due to timing of anticipated expenses.

General and Administrative

The decrease in general and administrative costs during the three months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2024, was due primarily to cost cutting measures. As a percentage of total revenues, general and administrative expenses decreased to 14.3% during the three months ended August 31, 2025, compared to 25.4% during the three months ended August 31, 2024.

Retail Operating Expenses

Retail operating expenses increased 17.0% during the three months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2024. This increase is primarily the result of increases in operating costs and in part due to the timing of expenses.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization, exclusive of depreciation and amortization included in cost of sales was $0.1 million during the three months ended August 31, 2025, an increase of 184.2% from $38 thousand during the three months ended August 31, 2024. Depreciation and amortization included in cost of sales increased 25.3% from $0.19 million during the three months ended August 31, 2024 to $0.24 million during the three months ended August 31, 2025. This increase was the result of prior year investments in equipment.

Total Other Income (Expense)

Total other expense was $0.2 million during the three months ended August 31, 2025, compared to other income of $0.2 million during for the three months ended August 31, 2024. Interest expense increased to $0.2 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 compared to $0.1 million for the three months ended August 31, 2024 due to an increase in our debt balance outstanding. In addition, a net gain on the disposal of assets for $0.2 million relating to gain on sale of equipment of $0.5 million was offset by loss on the factoring of the U-Swirl promissory note of $0.3 million during the three months ended August 31, 2024.

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Six Months Ended August 31, 2025 Compared To the Six Months Ended August 31, 2024

Results Summary

Basic loss per share decreased from a loss of $(0.37) per share for the six months ended August 31, 2024 to a loss of $(0.13) per share for the six months ended August 31, 2025. Revenues increased by 3.2% from $12.8 million for the six months ended August 31, 2024 to $13.2 million for the six months ended August 31, 2025. Operating loss was $2.5 million for the six months ended August 31, 2024 compared to an operating loss of $0.6 million for the six months ended August 31, 2025.

REVENUES


	Six Months Ended August 31,				$			%
($'s in thousands)	2025		2024		Change			Change
Durango product and retail sales	$	9,900	$	10,197		(297	)		(2.9	)%
Franchise fees		68		108		(40	)		(37.0	)%
Royalty and marketing fees		3,228		2,482		746			30.1	%
Total	$	13,196	$	12,787	$	409			3.2	%

Durango Product and Retail Sales

The decrease in Durango product and retail sales of 2.9%, or $0.3 million for the six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the six months ended August 31, 2024 was primarily due to the non-renewal of an unprofitable contract with a specialty market customer.

Royalties, Marketing Fees and Franchise Fees

Royalty and marketing fees increased $0.7 million during the six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the six months ended August 31, 2024, Franchisees pay higher royalties on sales revenue generated from products made in the store than products purchased from the Company. Sales of store made product increased in the current period. The decrease in franchise fee revenue of $40 thousand during the six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the six months ended August 31, 2024 was primarily the result of fewer store openings over time.

COSTS AND EXPENSES


	Six Months Ended August 31,				$			%
($'s in thousands)	2025		2024		Change			Change
Total cost of sales	$	9,608	$	9,936	$	(328	)		(3.3	)%
Franchise costs		1,147		1,493		(346	)		(23.2	)%
Sales and marketing		429		568		(139	)		(24.5	)%
General and administrative		1,977		2,861		(884	)		(30.9	)%
Retail operating		433		393		40			10.2	%
Depreciation and amortization, exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense of $465 and $386, respectively, included in cost of sales		226		80		146			182.5	%
Total	$	13,820	$	15,331	$	(1,511	)		(9.9	)%

Gross Margin


	Six Months Ended August 31,						$			%
($'s in thousands)	2025			2024			Change			Change
Total gross margin		292			261			31			11.9	%
Gross margin percentage		2.9	%		2.6	%		0	%		15.2	%

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Adjusted Gross Margin


	Six Months Ended
(a non-GAAP measure)	August 31,						$			%
($'s in thousands)	2025			2024			Change			Change
Total gross margin	$	292		$	261		$	31			11.9	%
Plus: depreciation and amortization		465			386			79			20.5	%
Total Adjusted Gross Margin (non-GAAP measure)	$	757		$	647		$	110			17.0	%

Total Adjusted Gross Margin (non-GAAP measure)		7.6	%		6.3	%		1.3	%		20.5	%

Non-GAAP Measures

Cost of Sales and Gross Margin

Total gross margin percentage increased to 2.9% for the six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to a gross margin of 2.6% during the six months ended August 31, 2024, due primarily to sales price increases.

Franchise Costs

The decrease in franchise costs for the six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the six months ended August 31, 2024 was due primarily to operational efficiencies and cost cutting measures and in part due to the timing of expenses. As a percentage of total royalty and marketing fees and franchise fee revenue, franchise costs decreased to 34.8% for the six months ended August 31, 2025 from 57.6% for the six months ended August 31, 2024.

Sales and Marketing

The decrease in sales and marketing costs during the six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the six months ended August 31, 2024 was due primarily to operational efficiencies and in part to timing of anticipated expenses.

General and Administrative

The decrease in general and administrative costs during the six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the six months ended August 31, 2024, was due primarily to cost cutting measures. As a percentage of total revenues, general and administrative expenses decreased to 15.0% during the six months ended August 31, 2025, compared to 22.4% during the six months ended August 31, 2024.

Retail Operating Expenses

Retail operating expenses increased 10.2% during the six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to the six months ended August 31, 2024. This increase is primarily the result of increases in operating costs and in part due to the timing of expenses.

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Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization, exclusive of depreciation and amortization included in cost of sales was $226 thousand during the six months ended August 31, 2025, an increase of 182.5% from $80 thousand during the six months ended August 31, 2024. Depreciation and amortization included in cost of sales increased 182.5% from $0.1 million during the six months ended August 31, 2024 to $0.2 million during the six months ended August 31, 2025. This increase was the result of prior year investments in production equipment.

Other Income (Expense)

Other expense was $0.4 million during the six months ended August 31, 2025, compared to other income of $0.2 million during for the six months ended August 31, 2024. Interest expense increased to $0.4 million, for the six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to $0.1 million during the six months ended August 31, 2024 due to an increase in our debt balance outstanding. In addition, a net gain on the disposal of assets for $0.2 million relating to gain on sale of equipment of $0.5 million was offset by loss on the factoring of the U-Swirl promissory note of $0.3 million during the six months ended August 31, 2024.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of August 31, 2025, working capital was $3.5 million compared with $2.4 million as of February 28, 2025. The increase in working capital was due primarily to the increase in cash and cash equivalents, increase in notes receivable, and decrease in accrued salaries and wages during the six months ended August 31, 2025. Expected future cash requirements include lease liabilities, purchase obligations, and capital expenditures to support the expected future growth of the business. Our credit agreements do not require repayment until maturity in September 2027

Cash and cash equivalent balances increased from $0.7 million as of February 28, 2025 to $2.0 million as of August 31, 2025 primarily as a result of proceeds of $1.8 million from notes payable. Our current ratio was 1.53 to 1.0 on August 31, 2025 compared to 1.34 to 1.0 on February 28, 2025. We monitor current and anticipated future levels of cash and cash equivalents in relation to anticipated operating, financing and investing requirements necessary to implement our long-term business plan.

During the six months ended August 31, 2025, we had a consolidated net loss of $1.0 million. Operating activities used cash of $0.1 million, with the principal adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities being depreciation and amortization of $0.7 million and stock compensation expense of $0.1 million, partially offset by recovery on accounts and notes receivable of $0.1 million. Changes in operating assets and liabilities resulted in a net cash outflow of $0.1 million from cash used in the normal course of business. During the six months ended August 31, 2024, we had a consolidated net loss of $2.4 million. Operating activities used cash of $5.7 million, with the principal adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities being depreciation and amortization of $0.5 million and a gain on the sale of assets of $0.2 million.

During the six months ended August 31, 2025, cash flows used in investing activities was $0.4 million, primarily due to the purchases of property and equipment of $0.2 million, and the acquisition of the retail store in Camarillo, CA for $0.2 million. In comparison, investing activities provided for cash of $0.2 million during the six months ended August 31, 2024, primarily due to the purchases of property and equipment of $1.5 million, offset by proceeds from the sale of assets of $1.6 million.

There were $1.8 million cash flows from financing activities during the six months ended August 31, 2025 compared to $4.4 million cash flows from financing activities during the six months ended August 31, 2024. During the six months ended August 31, 2025, the Company received $1.8 million in proceeds from notes payable. The Company received $2.2 million on its revolving line of credit, in addition to proceeds of $2.2 million from the issuance and sale of common stock during the six months ended August 31, 2024.

Despite improvements in the operating activities, the Company continues to rely on outside sources of financing to sustain its operations. As a result, the conditions above raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least one year from the date of issuance of these financial statements. In addition, our independent registered public accounting firm, in their report on the Company’s February 28, 2025 audited financial statements, raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

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Credit Agreement

On September 30, 2024, we entered into the Credit Agreement with RMC. Proceeds from the Credit Agreement were used to repay a $3.5 million line of credit and for capital investments. Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, we received an advance in the principal amount of $6.0 million, which advance is evidenced by the Note. The Note will mature on the maturity date, and interest accrues at a rate of 12% per annum and is payable monthly in arrears. All outstanding principal and interest will be due on the maturity date. The Credit Agreement is collateralized by our Durango real estate property and the related inventory and property, plant and equipment located on that property, as well as our accounts receivable and cash accounts. On August 28, 2025, we amended the agreement and received an additional $0.6 million. As of August 31, 2025, $6.6 million was outstanding on the Credit Agreement.

The Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including nonpayment of principal and interest when due, failure to comply with covenants, and a change of control of the Company, as well as customary affirmative and negative covenants, including, without limitation, certain reporting obligations and certain limitations on liens, encumbrances, and indebtedness. The Credit Agreement also limits our capital expenditures to $3.5 million per year and contains two financial covenants measured quarterly: a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth and a minimum current ratio. In connection with the amendment, the Company and RMC agreed to waive the financial covenant providing for a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth for each of the fiscal quarters ending August 31, 2025 and November 30, 2025. The Company was not in compliance with the liabilities to tangible net worth covenant of 2.0:1.0 but was in compliance with all other covenants as of August 31, 2025.

New Credit Agreement

On August 28, 2025, we entered into the RMCF2 Credit Agreement with RMCF2, a special purpose investment entity affiliated with Jeffrey R. Geygan, the Company's Interim Chief Executive Officer and one of the members of Company's board of directors.

Pursuant to the new credit agreement, RMCF2 agreed to make an advance to the Company in the principal amount of $1.2 million, which advance is evidenced by the RMCF2 Note. The RMCF2 Note matures on September 30, 2027 and interest accrues at a rate of 12% per annum and is payable monthly in arrears. All outstanding principal and interest will be due on the maturity date. The RMCF2 Credit Agreement is collateralized by the Company's Durango real estate property and the related inventory and property, plant and equipment located on that property, as well as the Company's accounts receivable and cash accounts.

The RMCF2 Credit Agreement contains customary events of default as well as customary affirmative and negative covenants, including, without limitation, certain reporting obligations and certain limitations on liens, encumbrances, and indebtedness. The RMCF2 Credit Agreement limits capital expenditures to $3.5 million per year and also contains two financial covenants measured quarterly: a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth and a minimum current ratio. Pursuant to the RMCF2 Credit Agreement, the Company and RMCF2 agreed to waive the financial covenant providing for a maximum ratio of total liabilities to total net worth for each of the fiscal quarters ending August 31, 2025 and November 30, 2025. The Company was not in compliance with the liabilities to tangible net worth covenant of 2.0:1.0 but was in compliance with all other covenants as of August 31, 2025.

We will continue to explore additional means of strengthening our liquidity position and ensuring compliance with our debt financing covenants, which may include the obtaining of waivers from our lenders.

Significant Accounting Policies

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP and the Company’s discussion and analysis of its financial condition and operating results require the Company’s management to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported. Note 1, “Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report and in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025 describe the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements. There have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025.

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Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of August 31, 2025, except for the purchase obligations as described below, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements or obligations.

As of August 31, 2025, we had purchase obligations of approximately $2.4 million. These purchase obligations primarily consist of contractual obligations for future purchases of commodities for use in our manufacturing.

Impact of Inflation

Inflationary factors such as increases in the costs of ingredients and labor directly affect the Company's operations. Most of the Company's leases provide for cost-of-living adjustments and require it to pay taxes, insurance and maintenance expenses, all of which are subject to inflation. Additionally, the Company’s future lease cost for new facilities may include potentially escalating costs of real estate and construction. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to pass on increased costs to its customers.

Depreciation expense is based on the historical cost to the Company of its fixed assets and is therefore potentially less than it would be if it were based on the current replacement cost. While property and equipment acquired in prior years will ultimately have to be replaced at higher prices, it is expected that replacement will be a gradual process over many years.

Seasonality

We are subject to seasonal fluctuations in sales, which cause fluctuations in quarterly results of operations. Historically, the strongest sales of our products have occurred during key holidays and the summer vacation season. In addition, quarterly results have been, and in the future are likely to be, affected by the timing of new store openings and sales of franchises. Because of the seasonality of our business and the impact of new store openings and sales of franchises, results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results that may be achieved in other quarters or for a full fiscal year.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Disclosure Controls and Procedures — The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), that are designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company is made known to the officers who certify the Company’s financial reports and to other members of senior management and the Board of Directors. These disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports that are filed or submitted under the Exchange Act, are recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has conducted an evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, our Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of August 31, 2025.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting — There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended

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August 31, 2025, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We are not aware of any pending legal actions that would, if determined adversely to us, have a material adverse effect on our business and operations.

We may, from time to time, become involved in disputes and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. In addition, as a public company, we are also potentially susceptible to litigation, such as asserting violations of securities laws. Any such claims, with or without merit, if not resolved, could be time-consuming and result in costly litigation. There can be no assurance that an adverse result in any future proceeding would not have a potentially material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part 1, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025, filed with the SEC on June 20, 2025. Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with the continued listing standards of Nasdaq.

On September 15, 2025, Allen C. Harper notified our board of directors of his resignation from our board of directors and all committees thereof, effective immediately (the “Resignation”). On September 17, 2025, we received a notice (the “Notice”) from The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”), notifying us that, as a result of the Resignation, we are not in compliance with the requirements under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605 (the “Corporate Governance Requirements”), specifically:

•

Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(b), which requires, among other things, that a majority of our board of directors be comprised of Independent Directors (as defined in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(a)(2)); and

•

Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(c), which requires, among other things, that we have an audit committee that has at least three members, each of whom must (i) be an Independent Director, (ii) meet the criteria for independence set forth in Rule 10A-3(b)(1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (iii) not have participated in the preparation of our financial statements or any of our current subsidiaries at any time during the past three years, and (iv) be able to read and understand fundamental financial statements.

In accordance with the Corporate Governance Requirements, we are entitled to a cure period to regain compliance, which cure period will expire at the earlier of its next annual meeting of stockholders or September 15, 2026. We intend to appoint an additional independent director to our board of directors and its audit committee prior to the end of the cure period.

There can be no assurances that we will be able to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s listing standards or if we do later regain compliance with Nasdaq’s listing standards, will be able to continue to comply with the applicable listing standards. If we are unable to maintain compliance with these Nasdaq requirements, our common stock will be delisted from Nasdaq. If Nasdaq delists our common stock, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including:

•

a limited availability of market quotations for our securities;

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a determination that our common stock is a “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in our common stock to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly resulting in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our common stock;

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a limited amount of news and analyst coverage for our company; and

a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.

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Our Inability to Meet a Financial Covenant Contained in our Credit Agreements May Adversely Affect our Liquidity, Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Pursuant to a credit agreement (as amended, the “2024 Credit Agreement”), with RMC Credit Facility LLC, a Colorado limited liability company (the “Lender”), dated September 30, 2024, we have a $6.0 million promissory note, made by the Company to the Lender, for general corporate and working capital purposes (the “2024 Note”). On August 28, 2025, we entered into an amendment to the 2024 Credit Agreement pursuant to which, among other things, the Lender made an additional loan to us in the amount of $600,000. In addition, on August 28, 2025, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “2025 Credit Agreement” and together with the 2024 Credit Agreement, the “Credit Agreements”) pursuant to which the Company borrowed $1.2 million from RMCF2 Credit, LLC, a special purpose investment entity affiliated with Jeffery R. Geygan, our interim chief executive officer and a member of our board of directors. Each Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of our assets, except retail store assets. Interest on borrowings is set at 12.0% and the loans mature on September 30, 2027. Additionally, each Credit Agreement is subject to various financial ratios and leverage covenants. The Company is not required to comply under Credit Agreements with the covenants related to the ratio of total liabilities to total net worth for the fiscal quarters ending August 31, 2025 and November 30, 2025.

If we are not in compliance with the requirements under the Credit Agreements, under the terms of the Credit Agreements, the lenders have the option, but not the obligation, to immediately demand repayment of the full of the obligations under the applicable Credit Agreement. As of the date of this Quarterly Report, we do not have enough cash on hand to satisfy our obligations under either Credit Agreement if the lender thereunder exercised its option to demand repayment. If any lender exercises its option and demands repayment at some time in the future, however, we may not have sufficient funds available to make the payments required. If we are unable to repay amounts owed, the lenders may be entitled to foreclose on and sell substantially all of our assets, which secure our borrowings under the Credit Agreements, which would have an adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, each lender retains the right to act on covenant violations that occur after the date of delivery of any waiver. In the future, if either lender were to decline to grant us a waiver and instead demand repayment, we may need to seek alternative financing to pay these obligations as we may not have sufficient facilities or sufficient cash on hand at that time to satisfy these obligations.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended August 31, 2025, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as such terms are defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act).

On October 1, 2025, there were approximately 406 record holders of our common stock. This figure does not include an estimate of the number of beneficial holders whose shares are held of record by banks, broker or other nominees.

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Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit Number	Description	Incorporated by Reference or Filed/Furnished Herewith
10.1	Credit Agreement, dated August 28, 2025, by and between Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc., a Colorado corporation, and RMCF2 Credit, LLC, a Wisconsin limited liability company	Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 3, 2025 (File No. 001-36865)

10.2	Promissory Note, dated August 28, 2025, made by Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc., a Colorado corporation, to RMCF2 Credit, LLC, a Wisconsin limited liability company	Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 3, 2025 (File No. 001-36865)

10.3	Deed of Trust, dated August 28, 2025, by and among Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc., a Colorado corporation, RMCF2 Credit, LLC, a Wisconsin limited liability company, and the Public Trustee of La Plata County, Colorado	Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 3, 2025 (File No. 001-36865)

10.4	First Amendment to Credit Agreement and Promissory Note, dated August 28, 2025, by and between Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc., a Colorado corporation, and RMC Credit Facility, LLC, a Colorado limited liability company	Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 3, 2025 (File No. 001-36865)

31.1	Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith.

31.2	Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith.

32.1*	Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith.

32.2*	Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith.

101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document (the Instance Document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document) (1)	Filed herewith.

101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema With Embedded Linkbase Documents	Filed herewith.

104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document and contained in Exhibit 101)	Filed herewith.

* The certifications attached as Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 that accompany this Quarterly Report are not deemed filed with the SEC and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date of this Quarterly Report, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

(1) These interactive data files shall not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1993, as amended, or Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to liability under those sections.

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Signature

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


	ROCKY MOUNTAIN CHOCOLATE FACTORY, INC.

Date: October 14, 2025		/s/ Jeffrey R. Geygan
		JEFFREY R. GEYGAN
		Interim Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: October 14, 2025
		/s/ Carrie E. Cass
		CARRIE E. CASS
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)